Lighting

Lighting is important when it comes to filming. There are two types of lighting:

Soft Light and Hard Light

Soft Light includes very limited shadows and a very smooth and silky look. Used often in romantic and glamour films. Can also be referred to as High-key lighting

Hard Light creates heavy, dark shadows and is often used in thriller and horror films to create tension. Can also be referred to as Low-key lighting.

Light Direction:

Three point lighting is often used in productions. This includes a Key light, a Fill light and a Back light. The suject is in the middle.
For example:



Chiaroscuro is used in cinematography to indicate extreme low-key lighting to create distinct areas of light and darkness in films, especially in black and white films. The literal translation is light-dark. Classic examples are The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari(1920), Nosferatu(1922), The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939), The Devil and Daniel Webster (1941) and the black and white scenes in Andrei Tarkovsky's Stalker (1979).